Burke's Composing a Curriculum opens up with a very efficient metaphor on how one should not get in a car without knowing where they are going, which resembles how a teacher should not teach without planning. I feel that this is an excellent metaphor that captures how teachers should have a solid plan on where they plan to take their kids, as teaching should not be an improvisational show. Rather it should be a carefully planned show that allows for improvisation. Burke does a great job of capturing this on page 8 when he states the following:
"If I were to translate this image into the language of music I would comparative improvisation a list pianist Keith Sarah, with one hand but establish a sound, regular Melody while the other hand he began to Andrew traduce the layers of complexity over that Melody. Such a model allows for the organic of all the nature of curriculum we shouldn't be seen or at least treated as a living organism that responds to the world around it.”
Burke's article also does a great job of writing about the need of incorporating content standards, while marrying these standards to the following considerations: "connections to previous and future skills and concepts, graphic organizer's, no taking strategies, visually aids etc.”
I find this portion of planning to be very accurate because when you come up with an assignment or a unit, you should always look to answer:
“What are students going to learn and how are they going to learn it?”
Kittle goes a step further in this need for planning when she discusses vertical alignment, which is planning on a granular level, referenced in chapter chapter 9, on page 154:
“We have adjusted more of the writing work in courses taught to freshman and sophomore. We made a list of all the writing students were doing in a quarter then in a semester, than a year. It is called vertical alignment and it is smart work for any high school English department.”
The high school that I previously worked at always made it a point to gather all of the English teachers in order to vertically align our curriculum. This proved to be essential in our planning so that we did not overlap our material, while also giving us a point of reference to reflect on at the end of the year on what students were able to learn, based on what we had aligned and what students still needed to learn moving forward.
“Planning Lessons,” by Milner & Milner was an excellent article that made the initial planning strategy seem more real through a truly honest perspective, all the while giving great recommendations for planning. This can be seen on page 453:
"Go home," she said, "and write down all of your ideas. Don't monitor your writing, just get it all down on paper. When you've finished, take one of those ideas and, on a separate sheet of paper, write as much as you possibly can about that particular concept. Do the same for all of your ideas. Each sheet of paper represents one lesson."
I find this strategy to be a very successful strategy, as I have routinely done this with my coat teacher and then will often get together and share ideas in order to come up with a unit.
Overall, Planning Lessons, Composing a Curriculum and chapter 9 and 10 from Kittle's Besides Me all due a great job of illustrating the need for thorough and thoughtful planning in order to give students a truly useful and unique experience inside of the classroom.